Hazard Communication (HAZCOM)
What is Hazard Communication (HAZCOM)?
The hazard communication standard is a key part of the United States occupational safety framework. Enforced by OSHA, this federal standard requires employers to identify and communicate the risks of hazardous chemicals in the workplace. A compliant workplace must maintain a written hazard communication program, provide accurate safety data sheets, label all containers, and deliver employee training that helps workers recognize physical hazards and respond with appropriate protective measures.
When employers fail to follow the hazard communication standard, workers face serious risks. Classified hazards such as chemical burns, respiratory damage, and toxic exposures remain common in industries like construction, energy, and manufacturing. Adhering to OSHA’s requirements helps prevent these outcomes and builds a stronger safety culture.
Core Elements of OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard
The hazard communication standard requires a series of actions that help protect worker health and improve accountability across teams and sites.
Written Hazard Communication Program
Employers must maintain a written hazard communication program that outlines how the company manages chemical safety. This program must comprehensively address how hazard information is gathered, shared, and updated. It also defines responsibilities across teams, including any other responsible party or downstream employers involved in day-to-day operations.
Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
Employers must provide safety data sheets for all hazardous chemicals present at the worksite. These documents explain health effects, emergency procedures, recommended personal protective equipment, and instructions for safe use. Each SDS must be prominently displayed and easily accessible, ensuring all employees can find critical safety data when needed.
Chemical Labeling Requirements
Every container of chemicals produced, received, or transferred must include proper chemical labeling. These labels must include:
- A product identifier
- One or more hazard pictograms
- Signal words that emphasize risk level
- Precautionary statements for safe handling
- A telephone number for the responsible party
These elements follow the globally harmonized system (GHS), a United Nations initiative that introduced a harmonized system of classification and labeling to simplify international safety standards.
Employee Training Programs
Employers must train workers to understand chemical hazards, read safety data sheets, interpret container labels, and use engineering controls and personal protective equipment to stay safe. These employee training programs should include refresher courses when new hazardous chemicals are introduced or when major changes occur in the work environment.
Hazard Communication in Action
Many organizations struggle to keep up with evolving regulatory enactments and shifting compliance responsibilities. This can lead to gaps in communication, especially across state or political subdivision lines or under a federally approved state plan. A comprehensive hazard communication program helps close those gaps by setting clear procedures for communicating hazard information across departments, languages, and shifts.
American businesses must also remain aware of hazardous chemicals leaving the facility or being handled by contractors. As chemical manufacturers, distributors, or employers, they must assist employers at each stage of the chain in maintaining consistent compliance.
Why Hazard Communication Matters
The issue addressed by HAZCOM is about protecting lives. Without accurate information about potential hazards, workers cannot make informed decisions. Failing to ensure chemical safety or meet occupational health requirements increases the likelihood of injuries, illnesses, and legal consequences.
By managing hazards through proper labeling, routine employee training, and up-to-date safety data, companies reinforce a culture of workplace safety rooted in shared accountability.
Power Your HAZCOM Program with Safety Mojo
Safety Mojo supports your hazard communication program by automating compliance, giving your team fast access to safety manuals, and simplifying training workflows. Voice-powered tools, multilingual support, and real-time dashboards help your crews stay informed and protected.