Preventing Heat Illness in Construction: Staying Safe in High Temperatures
Working in extreme heat is a daily reality for many construction workers. With heavy gear, direct sun exposure, and physically demanding tasks, the risk of heat illness is high. Construction workers are 13 times more likely to die from heat-related illnesses than workers in other industries, according to workplace safety studies.
Each year, an average of 36 construction workers die from heat-related illnesses, and many more suffer from heat exhaustion or heat stroke. These conditions can escalate quickly, making prevention critical. By staying hydrated, taking regular breaks, and recognizing early warning signs, workers can stay safe and avoid life-threatening situations.
Recognizing the Signs of Heat Illness
Heat Exhaustion vs. Heat Stroke
Heat illness can range from mild discomfort to life-threatening conditions. Recognizing the symptoms early can prevent severe health issues.
Heat Exhaustion Symptoms
- Heavy sweating
- Dizziness
- Fatigue
- Nausea
- Headache
- Muscle cramps
Heat Stroke Symptoms (Medical Emergency)
- Confusion
- Loss of consciousness
- Hot, dry skin (lack of sweating)
- Rapid heartbeat
- Seizures
If a worker shows signs of heat stroke, call 911 immediately and begin cooling efforts by moving them to a shaded area, applying cool water, and using fans or ice packs. Heat stroke can be fatal if not treated quickly.
Best Practices for Preventing Heat Illness
Keeping Workers Hydrated and Cool
Set Up Water Stations
Workers should drink water every 15-20 minutes, even if they don’t feel thirsty. Having multiple hydration stations across the job site makes it easier to access fluids. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommends drinking small amounts of water frequently rather than large amounts at once.
Provide Electrolyte Drinks
Sweating leads to a loss of essential salts and minerals. Offering electrolyte drinks alongside water helps workers stay hydrated and maintain proper body function.
Encourage Light, Breathable Clothing
Wearing lightweight, moisture-wicking fabrics reduces heat retention and improves comfort. Cooling towels and ventilated hard hats also help regulate body temperature.
Adjusting Work Schedules and Conditions
Modify Work Hours During Extreme Heat
When possible, schedule the most physically demanding tasks for early morning or late evening to avoid peak temperatures. Adjusting shifts can significantly reduce the risk of heat illness.
Increase Break Frequency
As temperatures rise, so should break times. Providing shaded or air-conditioned rest areas allows workers to recover and cool down before continuing work. OSHA recommends structured rest periods based on heat index levels to prevent overexertion.
Track Weather Conditions
Supervisors should monitor heat index forecasts and adjust work plans accordingly. On high-risk days, limit strenuous tasks and ensure workers take additional precautions.
Creating a Safety Culture
Train Workers to Recognize Symptoms
Every worker should know the early warning signs of heat illness and understand how to respond. Regular training sessions reinforce the importance of hydration, rest, and emergency procedures. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) provides training resources to help teams stay informed.
Implement a Buddy System
Assigning workers to monitor each other for signs of heat illness ensures that symptoms are identified early. Peer accountability helps prevent minor issues from becoming medical emergencies.
Equip Sites with Emergency Cooling Measures
Setting up temporary shade structures, misting stations, and portable fans provides relief in extreme heat conditions. Keeping ice packs or cooling towels on hand can also help quickly lower body temperature.
Ensure Supervisors Are Trained to Respond
Site supervisors should be able to identify heat-related symptoms and act immediately when a worker is in distress. Clear emergency plans, including when to call for medical assistance, should be in place on every job site.
Integrating Heat Safety into Daily Work
Heat illness prevention should be part of everyday job site routines. Supervisors can incorporate hydration reminders into pre-shift meetings, place heat safety posters near break areas, and ensure workers always have access to water and shade.
Additionally, reinforcing heat safety in daily check-ins helps keep workers aware of changing conditions. Tracking weather updates and adjusting schedules accordingly ensures that heat risks are minimized before work begins.
Protecting Workers from Heat-Related Risks
Working in high temperatures is unavoidable in construction, but heat illness is entirely preventable with the right safety measures. Providing consistent access to water, shade, and cooling breaks, adjusting work schedules to avoid peak heat, and training workers to recognize symptoms early are essential steps in preventing heat-related injuries.
By making heat safety a daily priority, construction teams can ensure that workers stay healthy, productive, and protected from dangerous heat exposure.
Get this Toolbox Talk in PDF format
Let's Talk Safety!
Schedule a free 30-minute consultation with our in-house CSM – no strings attached.
